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How to plot polar formed complex numbers?

Polar plot: label and legend rotationtikz and polar plotTikz plot polar equation with foreachNot getting the correct polar plottikzpicture polar plot with negative function valuesPolar plot using pgfplots/tikzQuiver plot in polar coordinatesSurface plot over complex planePlot a Polar Cordinate Node pointPGFPlots: Background color for polar plot

I would like to draw the figure below in LaTeX and am having a bit of a difficulty. How can I do it?

Enter image description here

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
begindocument
begintitlepage
[]
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIÁVEIS COMPLEXAS
beginfigure[H]
 centering
 [
 includegraphics[width=100mm]./Figuras/capa5.png
 ]
endfigure

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

2

@close-voters: Please add a comment about the reason to close vote! I voted for leave open!

– Kurt
4 hours ago

1

@Kurt I agree with you. I also ask questions where I don't know where to start.

– Sebastiano
3 hours ago

This question could benefit from a textual description of what you are trying to achieve. That way, when somebody wants to do something similar, searching for those terms will help them find this question and it's answer. Specifically, mention the part(s) of the diagram which are not being drawn to your desire. Something like "How to draw concentric circles" or "How to draw a line segment whose endpoint lies on the edge of a circle" or whatever you feel best describes the part you can't draw in your image. This will also help your question from seeming too broad.

– Davy M
46 mins ago

add a comment |

I would like to draw the figure below in LaTeX and am having a bit of a difficulty. How can I do it?

Enter image description here

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
begindocument
begintitlepage
[]
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIÁVEIS COMPLEXAS
beginfigure[H]
 centering
 [
 includegraphics[width=100mm]./Figuras/capa5.png
 ]
endfigure

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

2

@close-voters: Please add a comment about the reason to close vote! I voted for leave open!

– Kurt
4 hours ago

1

@Kurt I agree with you. I also ask questions where I don't know where to start.

– Sebastiano
3 hours ago

This question could benefit from a textual description of what you are trying to achieve. That way, when somebody wants to do something similar, searching for those terms will help them find this question and it's answer. Specifically, mention the part(s) of the diagram which are not being drawn to your desire. Something like "How to draw concentric circles" or "How to draw a line segment whose endpoint lies on the edge of a circle" or whatever you feel best describes the part you can't draw in your image. This will also help your question from seeming too broad.

– Davy M
46 mins ago

add a comment |

I would like to draw the figure below in LaTeX and am having a bit of a difficulty. How can I do it?

Enter image description here

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
begindocument
begintitlepage
[]
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIÁVEIS COMPLEXAS
beginfigure[H]
 centering
 [
 includegraphics[width=100mm]./Figuras/capa5.png
 ]
endfigure

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

I would like to draw the figure below in LaTeX and am having a bit of a difficulty. How can I do it?

Enter image description here

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
begindocument
begintitlepage
[]
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIÁVEIS COMPLEXAS
beginfigure[H]
 centering
 [
 includegraphics[width=100mm]./Figuras/capa5.png
 ]
endfigure

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

tikz-pgf

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

edited 44 mins ago

The Inventor of God

4,89611142

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

asked 5 hours ago

Matheus Guimaraes

183

New contributor

Matheus Guimaraes is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.

2

@close-voters: Please add a comment about the reason to close vote! I voted for leave open!

– Kurt
4 hours ago

1

@Kurt I agree with you. I also ask questions where I don't know where to start.

– Sebastiano
3 hours ago

This question could benefit from a textual description of what you are trying to achieve. That way, when somebody wants to do something similar, searching for those terms will help them find this question and it's answer. Specifically, mention the part(s) of the diagram which are not being drawn to your desire. Something like "How to draw concentric circles" or "How to draw a line segment whose endpoint lies on the edge of a circle" or whatever you feel best describes the part you can't draw in your image. This will also help your question from seeming too broad.

– Davy M
46 mins ago

add a comment |

2

@close-voters: Please add a comment about the reason to close vote! I voted for leave open!

– Kurt
4 hours ago

1

@Kurt I agree with you. I also ask questions where I don't know where to start.

– Sebastiano
3 hours ago

This question could benefit from a textual description of what you are trying to achieve. That way, when somebody wants to do something similar, searching for those terms will help them find this question and it's answer. Specifically, mention the part(s) of the diagram which are not being drawn to your desire. Something like "How to draw concentric circles" or "How to draw a line segment whose endpoint lies on the edge of a circle" or whatever you feel best describes the part you can't draw in your image. This will also help your question from seeming too broad.

– Davy M
46 mins ago

@close-voters: Please add a comment about the reason to close vote! I voted for leave open!

– Kurt
4 hours ago

@Kurt I agree with you. I also ask questions where I don't know where to start.

– Sebastiano
3 hours ago

This question could benefit from a textual description of what you are trying to achieve. That way, when somebody wants to do something similar, searching for those terms will help them find this question and it's answer. Specifically, mention the part(s) of the diagram which are not being drawn to your desire. Something like "How to draw concentric circles" or "How to draw a line segment whose endpoint lies on the edge of a circle" or whatever you feel best describes the part you can't draw in your image. This will also help your question from seeming too broad.

– Davy M
46 mins ago

add a comment |

1 Answer
1

active

oldest

votes

Note: The codes are arranged in "quality-increasing" order in my opinion, i.e. the best one is the last one.

Like this?

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles
begindocument
begintikzpicture
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below] z;
draw (2,0) node[below] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Improved version:

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Thanks to @marmot, I think this figure is (somewhat) more mathematically true ;-)

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Another choice: Im instead of Im and Re instead of Re (@Sebastiano's request):

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Your code is not compilable because of a conflict (?) between babel and quotes (I don't know if it is true).

We can fix it by not using quotes anymore:

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
usetikzlibraryangles,positioning
begindocument
begintitlepage
vspace1cm
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIAVEIS COMPLEXAS

begincenter
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
draw (45:0.8) node[above right] $theta$;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
endcenter

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

enter image description here

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

1

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

|
show 20 more comments

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Note: The codes are arranged in "quality-increasing" order in my opinion, i.e. the best one is the last one.

Like this?

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles
begindocument
begintikzpicture
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below] z;
draw (2,0) node[below] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Improved version:

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Thanks to @marmot, I think this figure is (somewhat) more mathematically true ;-)

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Another choice: Im instead of Im and Re instead of Re (@Sebastiano's request):

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Your code is not compilable because of a conflict (?) between babel and quotes (I don't know if it is true).

We can fix it by not using quotes anymore:

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
usetikzlibraryangles,positioning
begindocument
begintitlepage
vspace1cm
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIAVEIS COMPLEXAS

begincenter
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
draw (45:0.8) node[above right] $theta$;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
endcenter

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

enter image description here

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

1

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

|
show 20 more comments

Note: The codes are arranged in "quality-increasing" order in my opinion, i.e. the best one is the last one.

Like this?

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles
begindocument
begintikzpicture
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below] z;
draw (2,0) node[below] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Improved version:

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Thanks to @marmot, I think this figure is (somewhat) more mathematically true ;-)

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Another choice: Im instead of Im and Re instead of Re (@Sebastiano's request):

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Your code is not compilable because of a conflict (?) between babel and quotes (I don't know if it is true).

We can fix it by not using quotes anymore:

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
usetikzlibraryangles,positioning
begindocument
begintitlepage
vspace1cm
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIAVEIS COMPLEXAS

begincenter
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
draw (45:0.8) node[above right] $theta$;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
endcenter

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

enter image description here

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

1

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

|
show 20 more comments

Note: The codes are arranged in "quality-increasing" order in my opinion, i.e. the best one is the last one.

Like this?

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles
begindocument
begintikzpicture
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below] z;
draw (2,0) node[below] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Improved version:

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Thanks to @marmot, I think this figure is (somewhat) more mathematically true ;-)

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Another choice: Im instead of Im and Re instead of Re (@Sebastiano's request):

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Your code is not compilable because of a conflict (?) between babel and quotes (I don't know if it is true).

We can fix it by not using quotes anymore:

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
usetikzlibraryangles,positioning
begindocument
begintitlepage
vspace1cm
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIAVEIS COMPLEXAS

begincenter
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
draw (45:0.8) node[above right] $theta$;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
endcenter

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

enter image description here

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

Note: The codes are arranged in "quality-increasing" order in my opinion, i.e. the best one is the last one.

Like this?

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles
begindocument
begintikzpicture
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below] z;
draw (2,0) node[below] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Improved version:

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (25:2);
coordinate (n) at (-95:2);
coordinate (p) at (145:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Thanks to @marmot, I think this figure is (somewhat) more mathematically true ;-)

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Another choice: Im instead of Im and Re instead of Re (@Sebastiano's request):

documentclass[tikz]standalone
usetikzlibraryquotes,angles,positioning
begindocument
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,"$theta$",angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
enddocument

enter image description here

Your code is not compilable because of a conflict (?) between babel and quotes (I don't know if it is true).

We can fix it by not using quotes anymore:

%usepackage[dvips,pdftex]graphicx

documentclass[a4paper,12pt]article%
usepackageamsmath
usepackageamsfonts
usepackageindentfirst
usepackageamssymb
usepackagegraphicx
usepackagecolor
usepackage[dvips]epsfig
usepackage[dvips]graphicx
usepackagefloat
usepackage[latin1]inputenc
usepackage[brazil]babel
usepackagetikz
usepackagemulticol
usepackagecancel
usepackage[unicode=true,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarksopen=true,breaklinks=true,backref=true,linkcolor=black,colorlinks=true]%
hyperref%
setcounterMaxMatrixCols30
%TCIDATAOutputFilter=latex2.dll
%TCIDATAVersion=5.50.0.2953
%TCIDATALastRevised=Thursday, March 14, 2019 23:50:47
%TCIDATA<META NAME="GraphicsSave" CONTENT="32">
%TCIDATA<META NAME="SaveForMode" CONTENT="1">
%TCIDATABibliographyScheme=Manual
%BeginMSIPreambleData
providecommandU[1]protectrule.1in.1in
%EndMSIPreambleData
setlengthtopmargin-1.5cm setlengthoddsidemargin0.0cm
setlengthevensidemargin0.0cm setlengthtextheight24cm
setlengthtextwidth16.5cm
renewcommandbaselinestretch1.25
usetikzlibraryangles,positioning
begindocument
begintitlepage
vspace1cm
begincenter
%tiny,small,large,Large,LARGE, huge,Huge,HUGE
 Large sc Universidade Federal do Maranhão
vskip 0.5cm
 Large sc Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia
vskip 0.5cm Large sc Matheus Rodrigues Linhares Guimarães
vskip 3 cm LARGE sc textbfVARIAVEIS COMPLEXAS

begincenter
begintikzpicture
beginscope[every node/.style=fill=white,inner sep=2pt]
draw (0,-4)--(0,4) node[above] $Im$ (-4,0)--(4,0) node[right] $Re$;
draw[dashed] (0,0) circle (3) circle (2);
coordinate (a) at (80:3);
coordinate (b) at (3,0);
coordinate (m) at (80/3:2);
coordinate (n) at (80/3-120:2);
coordinate (p) at (80/3+120:2);
coordinate (o) at (0,0);
draw (a) node[above right] $z=;
draw (b) node[below right] z;
draw (2,0) node[below left=0cm and -2em] $;
draw (m) node[right] ^1/3e^itheta/3$;
draw (n) node[below] $;
draw (p) node[above] ^1/3e^i(theta+2pi)/3$;
draw (.1,1.5)--(0,1.5) node[left] $i$;
draw (1.5,.1)--(1.5,0) node[below] $1$;
draw (0,0)--(a) (0,0)--(m) (0,0)--(n) (0,0)--(p);
draw[dashed] (m)--(n)--(p)--cycle;
endscope
pic[draw,dashed,thick,angle radius=0.8cm,angle eccentricity=1.3] angle=b--o--a;
draw (45:0.8) node[above right] $theta$;
fill[black] (a) circle (2pt) (b) circle (2pt) (m) circle (2pt) (n) circle (2pt) (p) circle (2pt) (2,0) circle (2pt);
endtikzpicture
endcenter

vskip 2cm
vfill
sc 2019.1
endcenter
endtitlepage%


enddocument

enter image description here

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

edited 3 hours ago

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

answered 5 hours ago

JouleV

5,97821549

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

1

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

|
show 20 more comments

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

1

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

thank you very much!! worked here

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

Is it possible to use the image as a cover? I am making a cover for handout of complex variables but it is not working because I am using documentclass [a4paper, 12pt] article% how to make the necessary change for compilation to take place right?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@MatheusGuimaraes Change documentclass[tikz]standalone to documentclassarticle usepackagetikz.

– JouleV
4 hours ago

I did this but when I compile it gives an error in '' pic ''. How do I correct it?

– Matheus Guimaraes
4 hours ago

@Sebastiano Added :)

– JouleV
3 hours ago

|
show 20 more comments

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